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Holistic View of National Security

On 15 April 2014, President Xi Jinping introduced at the 1st general meeting of the National Security Commission the holistic view of national security, a significant strategic approach that must be adhered to in safeguarding national security in new situations. In 2015, the country designated 15 April each year as the National Security Education Day to promote and enhance public awareness of national security through promotional and educational activities held from time to time.

The holistic view of national security is a concept with Chinese characteristics. It encompasses twenty major fields, including political security, military security, homeland security, economic security, financial security, cultural security, societal security, science and technology security, cyber security, food security, ecological security, resource security, nuclear security, overseas interests security, and some emerging fields like outer space security, deep sea security, polar security, biosecurity, artificial intelligence security and data security. The holistic view of national security stresses the need to construe and put into practice national security from a macro perspective and in a holistic manner.

The guiding principle of the holistic view of national security is a breakthrough from the three aspects of security as traditionally perceived, namely the above-mentioned political security, homeland security and military security. On top of these three traditional security fields, it extends national security to other important fields, ensuring a comprehensive coverage to enable greater effectiveness in safeguarding national security, and in meeting the needs of the modern era for protecting the core interests of the country and the security of the people.

Overview
The holistic view of national security demonstrates in a concise and precise manner the vision of "great national security" at the macro level. Its main concept and contents can be summed up as one overall goal, five essential elements, five pairs of relationships and twenty major fields.